Born in the Netherlands in 1891, Toorop was a self-taught painter who became affiliated with the Bergense School from the 1910s through the 1920s. The Bergense School was an artist colony situated in the Dutch village of Bergen in the northwest of the country. It was found by the French painter Henri Le Fauconnier and the Dutch painter Piet van Wijngaerdt. ...Over a span of two decades, Charley Toorop’s practice moved away from her initial aesthetic experiments. In the 1930s, her work assimilated conventions of the Neue Sachlichkeit (New Objectivity) with its insistence on the “real” or “reality” as a guiding principle of art-making. But there is another fascinating facet of her work. It speaks of her understanding of painting’s history and its future trajectory. [https://sameoldart.tumblr.com/post/62236545746/charley-toorop-at-the-stedelijk-museum]